An open, non comparative study of ofloxacin i.v. on the treatment of acute symptomatic urinary tract infection.

The clinical efficacy and the safety of ofloxacin i.v. in 35 acute symptomatic urinary tract patients were evaluated. The drug was intravenously administered, 400 mg starting dose then 200 mg once-daily for 3-5 days. The therapeutic success rate and eradication rate in UTI case were 100 per cent in all cases when evaluated immediately after completion of drug treatment, therapeutic success rate and eradication rate at the follow-up evaluation were 97.2 per cent and 91.6 per cent respectively. Also, 5 cases of acute bronchitis and 2 salmonellosis were also administered intravenously, 400 mg once-daily dose and 400 mg twice daily dose respectively. No serious side effects of ofloxacin i.v. therapy were observed in any of our patients.

Antifungal drug combinations for Cryptococcus neoformans and Prototheca spp.

Seventy-one isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans and 5 isolates of Prototheca spp. were tested for in vitro susceptibility against amphotericin B alone and against the combination of amphotericin B with each clinically relevant concentration of flucytosine (5-FC) and rifampin by broth dilution methods. The combinations of amphotericin B and rifampin produced greater effect on reduction of the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of amphotericin B than did either drug used individually. Flucytosine combined with amphotericin B produced little or no reduction of the MIC compared with amphotericin B alone.

In vitro activity and clinical evaluation of cefixime in urinary tract infection.

Thirty-five women with uncomplicated acute lower urinary tract infections proven by significant pre-treatment bacteriuria (> or = 10(5)CFU/ml) were treated with an oral dose of 100 mg cefixime twice a day for seven days. Thirty five patients included in this study were checked for response to treatment on the last day of therapy, 7-14 days and 4 weeks post therapy. The clinical response and bacterial eradication rate for cefixime were 91.4 per cent (32/35). The infecting organisms, E. coli and Proteus mirabilis, were inhibited at MIC90 = 0.5 and < or = 0.03 microgram/ml, and MBC = 1 and 0.06 microgram/ml respectively. No adverse events were found in this study.

Cefaclor therapy in uncomplicated cystitis.

Thirty patients with acute urinary tract infection were treated orally with 500 mg of cefaclor three times a day for 7 days. Urine cultures were made before treatment and after therapy. In 97 per cent (29/30) of these patients clinical success was achieved and in 90 per cent (27/30) of them, pathogens were eradicated. Our study showed that cefaclor was still active against most Enterobacteriaceae, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species, the principle pathogens of urinary tract infection. No adverse effects of cefaclor were observed in this study.

Diagnosis of systemic candidosis by immunodiffusion test with locally prepared antigen.

Locally-made C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei antigens and antisera were made and compared with reference C. albicans and C. krusei antigens and antisera from the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A., and the Provincial Laboratory of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, respectively. The local antigens and antisera showed 3 precipitin bands when reacted with locally-made and reference antisera. When tested with human sera from 171 normal persons (aged 17-24 years), 30 Candida vaginitis, 30 Candida balanitis, 30 mucocutaneous candidosis, 30 pityriasis versicolor and 10 aspergillosis patients revealed no precipitin band. When tested with cryptococcosis, 2 out of 6 sera showed a precipitin band but only at 1:1 dilution. Four candidosis sera offered by CDC showed precipitin bands at dilutions up to 1:4. Three Thai candidosis sera also showed precipitin bands at dilutions up to 1:2. Therefore, we judged the baseline titer for Thai population to be 1:2.

A case comparison of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in homosexual males with spindle-endothelial cell abnormalities and with recrudescent melioidosis.

The AIDS syndrome includes cases of biopsy-proven Kaposi's sarcoma in persons under 60 years of age, or biopsy- or culture-proven Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, or either of the life-threatening opportunistic infections in young previously healthy persons with no underlying cause of immunodeficiency (Center for Disease Control criteria). Here we described the first case of AIDS with early Kaposi's sarcoma-like lesions in homosexual male drug addict and have compared the clinical and laboratory findings with those of another homosexual male having recrudescent melioidosis due to Pseudomonas pseudomallei.